From California-based fund to a national movement
Founded in 1997 as Roberts Enterprise Development Fund (REDF), we pioneered a bold idea: investing in employment social enterprises (ESEs) can transform communities and change lives.
For nearly 30 years, we’ve proven that this model works. That’s why we’re expanding our focus from individual impact to systemic change.
Dreaming of a Better Bay
1985 – 1995
In 1985, visionary financier and philanthropist George Roberts, cofounder of KKR, and his wife Leanne, launched their family foundation serving Bay Area nonprofits dedicated to improving public education and combating poverty. A few years later, that work inspired a more targeted economic development fund on homelessness led by George and founding executive director Jed Emerson.
The Rise of Social Enterprise
1997 – 2005
1 state, 17 enterprises, $16M revenue earned, 3,074 people employed since inception
The field of social enterprise — an innovative market-based solution to intractable social challenges — begins to take shape. Jed writes about it, and this study informs the launch of what is now known as Redefine Alliance (formerly Roberts Enterprise Development Fund (REDF) led by Jed and eventually Melinda Tuan who succeeded him as President). We become the country’s first venture philanthropy dedicated to investing in and supporting social enterprises and pioneers novel approaches in the work, like the now globally-adopted process of calculating social return on investment and the first book on social enterprise practice. As the field takes shape and its methods make traction, REDF transitions out of the family foundation into an independent nonprofit under the leadership of then President Kristen Burns.
We also build the platform for emerging leaders in this space by creating an annual fellowship, the Farber Fellowship, for rising MBA and MPP students intrigued by the power of social enterprise.
Transformative Public Investment
2006 – 2015
1 state, 29 enterprises, $237M revenue earned, 9,696 people employed since inception
After 16 years leading the Corporation for Supportive Housing, Carla Javits joins us as President & CEO, bringing a unique combination of on-the-ground experience and deep policy expertise to advance our mission. Her vision and tenacity results in transformative public investment, including the inaugural Social Innovation Fund grant totaling $7.5M over five years. We’re selected as one of 11 organizations across the country to receive this prestigious honor — an investment that also unlocks our geographic expansion out of the Bay Area and into Los Angeles to help build a regional ecosystem of employment social enterprises.
In 2015, REDF releases the results of the Mathematica Jobs Study, the most rigorous evaluation ever mounted on the efficacy of the social enterprise model. The study shows that social enterprise employment dramatically improves lives and provides a significant social return on investment: $2.23 for every $1.00 invested in social enterprise.
Igniting a Regional and National Movement
2016 – 2020
30 states and DC, 196 enterprises, $1B revenue earned, 61,234 people employed since inception
Along with the City of Los Angeles Workforce Development Board, REDF launches LA:RISE, a unique collaboration uniting the city’s Workforce Development System with nonprofit social enterprises and for-profit employers to improve outcomes for people striving to overcome employment barriers.
With backing from an additional $7M Social Innovation Fund grant, REDF expands nationally, and introduces new and innovative programs investing in entrepreneurs at key stages of their growth journey. These programs include a first-of-its-kind Accelerator specifically designed for the leaders of early-stage employment social enterprises, an impact lending practice seeking to unlock new sources of capital for the field, and a policy practice that catalyzes public sector investment at scale.
Credentializing the Field
2021 – 2025
42 states and DC, 360+ enterprises, $3.1B revenue earned, 157,000 people employed since inception
We introduce our 2021-2025 strategy to advance racial equity and economic mobility — increasing investments in ESEs led by people of color and those who share the lived experience of the people they employ, providing specialized capacity-building consulting, deepening its focus on job quality, and catalyzing demand from the public sector and philanthropy. Employment social enterprise leader Maria Kim joins as President (and then in 2021 as President & CEO). Maria was formerly CEO of Cara Collective, a Portfolio alum.
In this period, we achieve policy and other wins that accelerate the adoption of employment social enterprise as a model innovation in economic mobility (by codifying ESEs into law, by having Roberts Impact Investing Fund certified as a Community Development Financial Institution, by unlocking the nation’s first statewide investment in ESEs).
Building Thriving Ecosystems
2026 – Present
We’re making deep investments in three regions — Appalachia, Illinois, and Los Angeles —each representing a different path to scale.
Signaling our evolution from a fund to a movement, REDF becomes Redefine Alliance, a national coalition and champion of private-public partnerships to transform employment systems at scale.
Our new strategy focuses on catalyzing growth of thriving regional ecosystems where employment social enterprises create quality jobs and help people build economic power.
